《英语语法课件 14 悬垂分词》.pptVIP

分词与从句的转换 4．状语从句转化为分词 确定用现在分词还是用过去分词： 确定时体：从句动作在主句动作之前发生，用完成体； 从句动作与主句动作同时发生，用完成体 3) 如果逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时,用独立主格结构. 英语语法课件 14 悬垂分词 attachment rule” and “dangling participle” When an –ing or –ed participle construction is used as a relative or adverbial clause, its logical subject is usually identifiable with the subject or other element of the main clause. It is through this relationship that the participle construction is “attached” to the main clause. This is known as the “attachment rule”. attachment rule” and “dangling participle” e.g. Sitting at the back as we were, we couldn’t hear a word. He was hurt by a stone dropped from the roof. Violation of the “attachment rule” will result in a “dangling participle” e.g. Opening the cupboard, a skeleton fell out. Being dark, we had to go back. problems about the acceptability of “dangling participles” Linguists are divided in opinion about the acceptability of “dangling participles”. Prescriptive grammarians condemn all “dangling” consructions, while descriptive linguists take a more liberal point of view. “Dangling” constructions should not be regarded as objectionable indescriminately. problems about the acceptability of “dangling participles” These constructions are frequently found in formal scientific writing, in which it is general practice to avoid using personal subjects. In formal style, so long as they do not cause ambiguity or confusion in meaning, “dangling participles” should also be viewed as normal and acceptable. problems about the acceptability of “dangling participles” Only “dangling” constructions are objectionable or unacceptable that cause ambiguity or suggest aburd interpretations. Form pedagogical point of view, however, beginners in English should not be encouraged to use “dangling” constructions unless in scientific writing. problems about the acceptability of “dangling participles” Now assess the following: When installing a boiler, the floor space which is available is ve