双语教学资源 高速铁路隧道工程 1TunnelEngineering.pptVIP

Tunnel Engineering 石家庄铁路职业技术学院 Tunnel Engineering A tunnel is much more than just a tunnel．It serves any of myriad functions——highway, railroad, or rapid transit(高速交通) artery；pedestrian (步行者) passageway(过道)；flesh water conveyance，cooling water supply；wastewater collector or transport；hydropower (水电) ； myriad [5miriEd] 多种的，各式各样的 隧道不仅仅是隧道。它具有众多的服务功能：公路，铁路，快速交通干线；人行通道；淡水输送，冷却水供应；废水收集和运输；水电等等。 Tunnel Engineering in long, prefabricated (拼装) sections sunk in place as in immersed tubes (沉管) ；in short prefabricated sections pushed into place from jacking pits (顶进坑) ；by drilling (钻孔) or blasting (爆破) ；by mechanized means such as tunnel boring machines (隧道掘进机) or continuous miners (采矿机) (roadheaders), with the aid of a protective shield (盾构) in free or compressed air (压缩空气) ；and they will eventually be constructed in ways now existing only in our imaginations. Tunnel Engineering 长隧道可以将预制节段在现场沉放，称为沉管法；短隧道可以将预制节段在顶进坑里通过顶推就位。或采用钻爆法，或采用机械开挖，如隧道掘进机或连续采矿机（铣挖机），也可以在有压或无压盾构的保护下修建，甚至也可能通过现阶段仅在我们想象中的方法进行建造。 Tunnel Engineering Immersed Tubes Tunnel Engineering Immersed Tubes（Bosphorus Tunnel, Istanbul, Turkey） Tunnel Engineering jacking pits Tunnel Engineering roadheader Tunnel Engineering AM 105 Roadheader, Australia Tunnel Engineering tunnel boring machine (TBM) Tunnel Engineering Drill and Blast Tunnel Engineering In cross section it takes one of several shapes-circular，multicurve (多曲线) ，horseshoe (马蹄形) ，arched (拱形) ，or flat-roofed，and with clear spans (净跨度) of from a few feet to more than 50 ft and，in cavern form，much wider． 隧道的横断面可以采用多种形状：圆形、多曲线、马蹄形，可以是拱形或平顶的，净跨从几英尺到五十英尺，如果是岩洞，会更宽。 Tunnel Engineering Circular Tunnel (FHWA, 2005a) Tunnel Engineering Multicurve Horseshoe Tunnel Tunnel Engineering Two Cell Rectangular Tunnel Tunnel Engineering Its length can vary from less than 100 ft to more than 30 miles．A tunnel can be located in any of a variety of places-under mountains，cities，rivers，lakes，sea estuaries，straits (海峡) ，or bays (海湾) ． estuary [5estj