9. 基本鸟类手术.pdfVIP

Basic Avian Surgical Considerations The Avian Surgical Patient 手术治疗病例 – Small blood volume 血容量少 – High metabolic rate and small body size 新陈代谢快和体型小 – Hypothermia 低温 – Hypoglycemia 低血糖 – Thin walled blood vessels 血管壁薄 – Thin skin 皮肤薄 Patient Evaluation 病患评估 – CBC 全血细胞计数 – Blood chemistry profile 血液生化 – Whole body radiographs 全身影像学 Consider Postponement of Surgery When 当出现以下情况时考虑延期手术 – PCV 血细胞压积 20 % – PCV 血细胞压积 60% – Glucose 血糖 200 mg/dl – Uric acid 尿酸 30 mg/dl – AST 天冬氨酸转移酶 650 IU/L – Cholesterol 胆固醇 700 mg/dl Skin Preparation 备皮 – Gently pluck feathers around surgery site 温柔的将手术术部周围的羽毛拔除 – 2-3 cm 2-3厘米 – Remove in direction of growth 将羽毛顺着生长方向拔除 – Support skin 保护皮肤 – Thin and easily torn 皮肤薄容易撕裂 Skin Preparation 备皮 – Large flight feathers 大飞行羽毛 – Attach to periosteum of underlying bone 与下面骨头的骨膜相连 – Painful when plucked 拔除时疼痛 – Usually try to preserve 通常尽量避免 – May damage follicle 可能会破坏毛囊 Skin Preparation 备皮 – Chlorhexidine 洗必泰 – Providone iodine 聚维酮碘 – Alcohol rinse predisposes bird to hypothermia 酒精可能会导致鸟容易低体温 Clear Drapes 透明创巾 – 可以看到动物并监护动物 – Sticks to dry avian skin 粘附到干燥的鸟类皮肤上 – Light weight 重量较轻 Perioperative Antibiotics 术前抗生素 – Parenteral administration 胃肠外给药 – 1 to 2 hrs pre-op 手术前1-2小时 – Maintains levels 8-16hrs post-op 术后可以维持8-16小时 Suture Material 缝线材料 – 3-0 to 6-0 are most often used最常用3-0和6-0缝线 – Avoid chromic catgut 避免铬制肠线 – Granulocytic inflammation 粒细胞炎症 – Use slowly absorbing monofilament synthetic materials 使用缓慢可吸收单股合成线材 – Absorb by hydrolytic action 水解作用吸收 Suture Material 缝线材料 – Nylon and stainless steel 尼龙线与不锈钢 – Minimal tissue reaction 极少组织反