麦田里的守望者主题.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 The Catcher in the Rye Themes主题 Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. 主题是探讨文学作品的根本利益，往往普遍的想法。 Alienation as a Form of Self-Protection Throughout the novel, Holden seems to be excluded from and victimized by the world around him. As he says to Mr. Spencer, he feels trapped on “the other side” of life, and he continually attempts to find his way in a world in which he feels he doesn’t belong. As the novel progresses, we begin to perceive that Holden’s alienation is his way of protecting himself. Just as he wears his hunting hat (see “Symbols,” below) to advertise his uniqueness, he uses his isolation as proof that he is better than everyone else around him and therefore above interacting with them. The truth is that interactions with other people usually confuse and overwhelm him, and his cynical sense of superiority serves as a type of self-protection. Thus, Holden’s alienation is the source of what little stability he has in his life. As readers, we can see that Holden’s alienation is the cause of most of his pain. He never addresses his own emotions directly, nor does he attempt to discover the source of his troubles. He desperately needs human contact and love, but his protective wall of bitterness prevents him from looking for such interaction. Alienation is both the source of Holden’s strength and the source of his problems. For example, his loneliness propels him into his date with Sally Hayes, but his need for isolation causes him to insult her and drive her away. Similarly, he longs for the meaningful connection he once had with Jane Gallagher, but he is too frightened to make any real effort to contact her. He depends upon his alienation, but it destroys him. 异化的自我保护的一种形式 在小说中，霍顿似乎被排除在他周围的世界和受害。他斯宾塞先生说，他感到被困“的另一面”的生活，他不断试图找到他的方式在这个世界里，他觉得自己不属于。 随着小说的发展，我们开始觉察到霍顿的异化是他保护自己的方式。正如他的狩猎他戴着帽子（见“符号”下方），以宣传自己的独特性，他使用他的隔离，以证明他是比其他人在他周围，因此上述与他们互动。事实是，与其他人的互动通常混淆和淹没他，和他的玩世不恭的优越感作为自我保护的一种类型。因此，霍顿的异化是他在他的生活中有