(完整版)非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形.docxVIP

非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形 一、复习各种时态的被动语态 ★ 被 的基本 构 : be+ done （以 the book , publish 例） 一般 在 / 去 ： The book is/ was published . 一般 / 去将来 : The book will/would be published . The book is/was going to be published . 在 / 去 行 ： The book is/was being published . 在 / 去完成 : The book has/had been published . 情 ： The book can/could/may/might ? be published . 二、不定式的被动式的基础知识： 主 被 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 行式 to be doing 没有被 完成 行式 to have been doing 没有被 1）一般式：（ not/never ） to be done 2）完成式：（ not/ never） to have been done （表示不定式 作 生在 之前） 三、▲通常在 believe, suppose, say, report 等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换 .如 : They say that Mike is sick in bed. =It is said that Mike is sick in bed. =Mike is said to be sick in bed. 据 麦克卧床不起 . People believe that he was killed. =It is believed that he was killed. =He is believed to have been killed. 大家相信他被 了 . 四、 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式 (to be done). 法功能： 1．作主 ： It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 2．作 ： She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang. 3．构成复合 ： He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She didn ’ t like herselfto be praised like that. 1 4．构成复合谓语： The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room . 5．作定语： Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers ’ office? 6．作状语： She was too young to be assigned such work. 五、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式 to have been done（表示该动作是发生在主句之前的一个被动动作） ，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如： It is a good thing for him to have been criticized. （主语） She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. ( 宾语 )） He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. （复合宾语） The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语） She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定语） 六、不定式的主动形式表示被动 1． There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。 (多用主动形式 ) 例如： There is a lot of work to do / to be done . There is no time to lose /to be lost . 译： 没有什么可担心的。 ________________________________ There is nothing to wor