高中英语语法-被动语态.doc

第二章 被动语态 语态也是动?词的一种形?式，表示主语与?谓语之间的?关系。英语有两种?语态：主动语态(activ?e voice?) 和被动语态?(passi?ve voice?)。主动语态表?示主语是谓?语动作的执?行者，而被动语态?则表示主语?是谓语动作?的承受者。 一、被动语态的?构成 被动语态是?由助动词b?e加及物动?词的过去分?词构成，如果有必要?强调动作的?执行者，动作执行者?可以由介词?by引出的?短语表示。助动词be?随主语的人?称、数、时态和语气?的不同而变?化。 A. 十种常见时?态的被动语?态 1. 一般现在时? 主动语态：do 被动语态：amisa?re done We clean? the class?room every? day. 我们每天打?扫教室。 The class?room is clean?ed by us every? day. 教室每天都?由我们打扫?。 Such songs? are usual?ly sung by girls?. 这些歌通常?是女孩子们?唱的。 Russi?an is not taugh?t in our schoo?l. 我们学校不?教俄语。 Are many goods? shipp?ed abroa?d every? day 每天都有许?多货物运往?国外吗 2. 一般过去时? 主动语态：did 被动语态：waswe?re done We clean?ed the class?room yeste?rday. 昨天我们打?扫了教室。 The class?room was clean?ed by us yeste?rday. 昨天教室被?我们打扫了?。 The windo?w was broke?n by my son. 窗子是我儿?子打破的。 Were many trees? plant?ed on the hill yeste?rday 昨天山上种?了许多树吗?？ How much money? was stole?n in all 一共被偷了?多少钱？ 3. 一般将来时? 主动语态：wills?hall do 被动语态：wills?hall be done We will clean? the class?room soon. 我们很快要?打扫教室。 The class?room will be clean?ed soon. 教室很快要?被打扫了。 The work will be done immed?iatel?y. 这工作将马?上做。 Will the schoo?l sport?s meeti?ng be held next week？ 校运动会将?在下星期举?行吗？ When shall? we be given? a lectu?re on the Inter?net 什么时候给?我们作有关?因特网的讲?座？ 4. 一般过去将?来时 主动语态：would? do 被动语态：would? be done We told him that we would? clean? the class?room soon. 我们告诉他?我们马上就?打扫教室。 We told him that the class?room would? be clean?ed soon. 我们告诉他?教室很快就?会被打扫的?。 He said that a new trade? cente?r would? be built? in the centr?e of the city. 他说一个新?的贸易中心?将在市中心?建起来。 She asked? wheth?er their? plan would? be consi?dered? with great? care. 她问他们的?计划会不会?得到仔细的?考虑。 I wasnt told that I shoul?d be invit?ed to the party?. 没人告诉我?要被邀请出?席晚会。 5. 现在进行时? 主动语态：amisa?re doing? 被动语态：amisa?re being? done We are clean?ing the class?room now. 我们现在正?在打扫教室?。 The class?room is being? clean?ed now. 教室现在正?在被打扫。 A hospi?tal is being? built? in the centr?e of the town