高中英语句 子成分分析.ppt

句子成分 ;句子成分;1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.;㈠主语（subject）句子说明的人或事物 ;找出句中主语;㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征;(三)宾语动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语;●.please pass me the book. ●.He bought me some flowers. ;（四）定语;;The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? There is nothing interesting in this book.;（五）状语; In the classroom, the boy needs a pen. 在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。 （地点状语） Before his mother, Tom is always a boy. 在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. 星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语) ; He sits there, asking for a pen. 他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态） Having to finish his homework, the boy needs a pen. 因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因状语） Frightened, he sits there soundlessly. （因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语）; The boy needs a pen to do his homework. 男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的状语） To make his dream come true, Tom becomes very interested in business. 为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣. ;状语从句： 时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、 结果状语从句、目的状语从句、比较状语从句、 让步状语从句、条件状语从句 ;I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died,leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness. He always comes late to school.;（六）宾语补足语有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外， 还要有一个宾语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。 这类常用的及物动词有 make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let. ;She asked me to lend her a hand. Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out. We must keep it a secret.;主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变 成主补.;（七）表语;The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. I’m not quite myself today. Who was the first? He is out of condition. The book is what I need.;同位语：;独立成分：;He went. He went there. He went there yesterday. He went there to see his mother yesterday. He went there to see his mother ill in hospital by bike yesterday.;英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。;基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）;Ｓ │ Ｖ （不及物动词）;基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）;Ｓ │Ｖ（是系动词）│ Ｐ（表语） ;基