英语的构词：转化、派生与合成..资料.ppt

英语的构词：转化、派生与合成..; 3. The crow emptied a bottle of water. ( empty adj. → v. ) 4. The girl in blue is my daughter. ( blue adj. → n. ) (二) 派生是由词根加词缀组成的新词。其中词缀有前缀、后缀两种。; 1. 前缀post- (1) 表示 “在后面” ; postage n. 邮资 post office n. 邮局 postcard n. 明信片 postal a. 邮政的 poster n. 海报, 招贴画;2. 前缀sub- (1) 表示 “在下面, 次一等, 副手” subtitle n. 副标题 subside v. 下陷,平息 (2) 表示 “接近, 靠近” subcentral a. 接近中心的 subadult a. 接近成年的 subacid a. 略酸的;3. 前缀over- (1) 表示 “过度,过分” overstudy n. 用功过度 overwork n. 过度劳累 overdose n. 用药过量 (2) 表示 “在……之上” overlook v. 俯视,疏忽 overlap v. / n. 重叠 overwhelm v. 压倒,泛滥; (3) 表示 “翻转” overturn n. 颠覆 overthrow n. 推翻 overhaul n. 彻底检修 4. 前缀up- 表示 “向上, 在上” upward, uphold, uphill ; 5. 前缀under- 表示 “在 …… 下面, 下面的” underline, underground, underwater 6. 后缀 -fy 表示 “使……化 , 使……成” beautify, purify, signify, simplify 7. 后缀-dom表示 “等级, 领域, 状态” kingdom, freedom, wisdom; (三) 合成是两个或两个以上的词合成一个词。 1. lifelong, worldwide, exam-oriented, new-born, well-known, three-legged, heartbroken, easygoing, soft-spoken, narrow-minded, seasick ... ; 2. weekend, railway, playground, greenhouse, passer-by, brother-in-law, grown-up, breakdown ... 3. half-hibernate, air-drop ... 4. myself, anyone, somebody ... ;Exercises ; 2. The soldier died for saving the child, so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die??? B. dead???? C. died???? D. death; 5. The three- ________ chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. leggy??? B. legged???? C. legs???? D. leged; 6. Stephenson became