英语现在分词和过去分词的用法培训资料.ppt

英语现在分词和过去分词的用法;两者之间的区别主要体现在时态和语态上： 　（1）在时态上：现在分词表示正在进行，而过去分词表示已经完成。 　（2）在语态上：现在分词表示主动；而过去分词表示被动。 　　总之，现在分词表主动、进行； 　　　　　过去分词表被动、完成。 在句法功能上它们都可以作定语、表语、状语和宾补，它们的具体区别如下：;一、分词作定语;1、现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作，或表示经常性的动作, 或现在 (或当时) 的状态； 2、过去分词作定语时，过去分词所表示的动作可以在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，也可以是没有一定的时间性。;1.There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light. 　A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 　简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，句子后半部分是一个作定语、修饰 noise 的分词短语；再根据句意“一阵闪电之后，接着就是一声巨响。”可知，巨响应是主动，紧接在闪电之后的。因此，该题应选B。 2.The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912. 　A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing 　简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games 的后置分词短语；再根据 The Olympic Games 对于动词 play 来说只能是被动承受，且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此，该题应选C。 3.What’s the language ____ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 　简析：该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句 which is spoken;4.Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句 who were invited 5.Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句who were invited 6.The computer centre, ____ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 简析：??题应选D。测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后，可以用非限制性定语从句“which was opened last year”代替 7.The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 简析：该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句which were written;二、分词作表语;现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。现在分词表示“令人…的”，过去分词表示“感到…”.常见的分词有：amazed / amazing, excited / exciting, bored / boring, annoyed / annoying, interested / interesting, pleased / pleasing, tired / tirin