乡村聚落与地理环境的关系研究.doc

乡村聚落与地理环境的关系研究 摘 要 乡村聚落环境即指乡村聚落周围空间中与其有关联和反馈效应的各要素构成的外在系统。乡村聚落是在特定的自然地理环境以及社会地理环境的影响下逐步形成的。乡村聚落的形态及其景观正式这种自然和社会地理环境的外在反映，正是这些错综复杂，千变万化的因素影响，才产生了丰富多彩，各具特色的乡村聚落景观。乡村聚落与地理环境的分析即其相互作用的过程的机理，由此揭示其间物质，能量，信息等方面的关联，因此为乡村聚落的地理环境研究提供科学依据。按做成环境系统要素的性质及其内在的规律性，乡村聚落周围的地理环境可以分为自然环境和社会经济环境两大类。自然环境包括地形地貌，气候，水源等，社会经济环境主要有农业的生产方式，企业的规划，交通，人口，血缘宗教等方面。乡村它影响着人类的生活和生产，同时人类的这些各种各样的活动又会影响甚至改变着周围的地理环境。 关键词：乡村聚落；自然地理环境；社会经济地理环境；关联；影响 Abstract Rural settlements environment namely rural settlements in the surrounding space and its relevant and feedback effect of the external system consisting of the elements. Rural settlement is in the specific natural geographical environment and society gradually formed under the influence of geographical environment. Rural settlement pattern and landscape of the external reflection of the natural geographical environment and social, formal these complex, ever-changing factors, to create rich and colorful, each has its own characteristics of the rural settlement landscape. Rural settlements and the analysis of the geographical environment is the process of interaction between mechanism, thus revealing substance, energy, information, etc, thus to geography research provided the scientific basis of rural settlements. Made environment according to the nature of the system elements and its intrinsic regularity, geographical environment around the country can be divided into two major categories of natural environment and social economic environment. Natural environment including topography, climate, water, etc., social and economic environment are mainly agricultural production mode, the planning of the enterprise, traffic, population, blood religion, etc. Country it affects human life and production, and the variety of human activities will influence or even change the surrounding geographical environment. Key word: rural settlement; Natural geographical environment; Social and economic eography environment ; Relationships; influence 前 言 　　聚落是人类活动中心还是人们的生活、休息和各