新托福测试题.docxVIP

阅读 What is the main reason that people developed methods of refrigeration? ○ They wanted to improve the flavor and A ○ nutritional value of food. They needed to slow the natural B ○ processes that cause food to spoil. They needed a use for the ice that C ○ formed on lakes and rivers. They wanted to expand the production D of certain industries. The word perishable in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ○ capable of spoiling A ○ uncooked B ○ of animal origin C ○ highly nutritious D 3. What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about cold storage before the invention of artificial refrigeration? ○ It kept food cold for only about a week. A ○ It was dependent on a source of ice or B ○ snow. It required a container made of metal or C ○ wood. It was not a safe method of preserving D meat. Artificial refrigeration involves all of the following processes EXCEPT ○ the pumping of water vapor through a A ○ pipe the rapid expansion of certain gases B ○ the evaporation of a volatile liquid C ○ the transfer of heat from one place to D another Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 2? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. ○ It takes a lot of energy to transform a A liquid into a vapor, especially when the ○ vapor loses heat. Some gases expand rapidly and give off B  energy when they encounter a very cold THE DEVELOPMENT OF REFRIGERATION Cold storage, or refrigeration, is keeping food at temperatures between 32 and 45 degrees F in order to delay the growth of microorganisms — bacteria, molds, and veast—that cause food to spoil. Refrigeration produces few changes in food, so meats, fish, eggs, milk, fruits, and vegetables keep their original flavor, color, and nutrition. Before artificial refrigeration was invented, people stored perishable food with ice or snow to lengthen its storage time. Preserving food by keeping it in an ice — filled pit is a