被动语态 高中英语被动语态讲解.doc

PAGE 高中英语被动语态讲解 被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and were ready to start. 3） am/is /are being done 现在实行时 例A new cinema is being built here．4） was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5） had been done 过去完成时 例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6） was/were being done 过去实行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7） shall/will be done be going to be done be about to be done/ be to be done一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8） should\would be done was\were going to be done was\were about to be done was\were to be done过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived. 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 例The project will have been completed before July. 10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） 例He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 11 )带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 12） 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。 例I dont like being laughed at in the public.13） It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如 believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等 能够用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句” 或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有： It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。  例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ） 被动语态中的时态应与主动语态中的时态一致（见上面的例证）。假如主动语态中的时态是实行式，应特别注意；被动语态中的实行式要用be-ing。例如： 主动句：Mr．Smith is writing a new story－book．史密斯先生正写一本新故事。 被动句：A new stor－book is being written by Mr．Smith．新故事正由史密斯先生来写。 主动句：The worke