过去分词[共88页].pptVIP

非谓语动词---过去分词;非谓语动词 ;;I.过去分词的基本形式: 是由动词 末尾加 –ed 形式构成. II. 过去分词的句法功能：它具有 动词的一些特点，同时也具有形 容词、副词的句法功能，在句中 可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语、 状语。; 有前置和后置两种情况:;2.后置定语 ; 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。 例如： Is there anything unsolved? There is noting changed here since I left this town. ;1. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912. 　A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing;简析: 首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games的后置分词短语;再根据 The Olympic Games 对于动词 play 来说只能是被动承受,且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此,该题应选C。;2. What’s the language ___ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 简析: 该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句 which is spoken。;3. Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 简析: 该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句who were invited。;4. The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非限制性定语从句“which was opened last year”代替。;5. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句which were written。;? 不定式：单个不定式或不定式短语??可，总是放在所修饰词之后，与被修饰的词有动宾或主谓关系，不定式作定语常表示将来。 动名词：单个动名词放在所修饰的词之前，只表示用途，无逻辑上的任何关系。无一定的时间性。 现在分词：单个现在分词放在所修饰词的前后均可，短语要后置。与被修饰的词有主谓关系，常表示动作正在进行。 过去分词：单个过去分词放在所修饰词的前后均可，短语要后置。与被修饰的词有动宾关系，常表示一个被动或完成的动作。;?eg: 1) I’m hungry. Get me something to eat