若控制误差过大..docxVIP

Problem 1. Simply answer the following questions. (a) Numerical approximati ons of in tegrati on (Ch.8 p.8~p.15) 1 仃 n 0 1s n s 1 1s1 ill n nS Let D s i.e. , s 1If each in tegrator s 1 i.e. , s 1 Hence, D z D1. Left-side rule: s2. Right-side rule: sz 1〒1 z 1T3. Trapezoidal rule:3 1 z 2T 1 4z 1 z Hence, D z D 1. Left-side rule: s 2. Right-side rule: s z 1 〒 1 z 1 T 3. Trapezoidal rule: 3 1 z 2 T 1 4z 1 z 2 \ Step Inv aria nee. (p.15)/ Impulse Inv aria nee. (p.13)/ Ramp Inv aria nee. (p.43) Matched z-tra nsform. (p.26) 4. Simps ons rule: s ［補充］ Numerical approximations of differentiation 1 z 1