王夫之对民族关系的认识探析-政治思想史论文-政治论文.docxVIP

王夫之对民族关系的认识探析-政治思想史论文-政治论文 ——文章均为WORD文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印—— 　　摘 要：　始终怀有反清复明抱负的王夫之,通过对历史上民族关系的研究、反思和评论,系统阐述了不以信义结夷狄夷狄相攻,中国之害战与和,两用则成,偏用则败及和亲无耻等思想观点。王夫之民族关系思想的形成,既有家庭和社会的影响,又有传统儒家思想的浸染,也有个人对民族关系的体验,还有历代 家和思想家的影响。民族关系思想与 思想的统一、经验理性和托古论今是王夫之民族关系思想的主要特征。王夫之的民族关系思想具有时代局限、阶级局限、认识局限以及狭隘性和片面性。 　　关键词：　王夫之; 民族关系思想; 来源; 特点; 　　Abstract：　Wang Fu-zhi always had the ambition of overthrowing the Qing dynasty and reestablishing the Ming dynasty. Through the research and reflections on the ethnic relations in history, Wang Fu-zhi advocated such views as no complete trust of ethnic minorities, the conflicts between the Han and the ethnic minorities hurt both, the means of war and peace should be adopted simultaneously and marriage alliance is shameful. His view of ethnic relations is closely related to the influence of his family, the society, Confucianism, the previous politicians and thinkers as well as his personal experience of ethnic relations. The integration of the view of ethnic relations with political thoughts, empirical rationalism, and commentary on the present through historical facts are the major features of Wang Fu-zhis view of ethnic relations, which has the weaknesses of historical, ideological and social-class limitations as well as narrow and partial perspectives. 　　Keyword：　Wang Fu-zhi; view of ethnic relations; origin; feature; 　　王夫之是中国历史上着名的哲学家、史学家和思想家,晚年因定居衡阳石船山,故被称之为船山先生。目前学术界对王夫之的哲学思想、礼学思想、史学思想等重要问题进行了深入探索,取得了一批重要成果,但对其民族关系思想却鲜有涉猎。本文拟对王夫之的民族关系思想作一初步梳理和探讨,以期引起学术界对这一问题的重视和深入研究。 　　一 　　中国民族关系思想是各个时期各个民族的各类人物对中国民族关系的认识,是统治者制定民族政策、处理民族关系的理论基础。1王夫之涉猎广泛、学问渊博,不仅精于史学与经学,对历史上的民族关系亦颇有研究,通过对历史上民族关系的研究、反思和评论,比较系统地阐述了不以信义结夷狄夷狄相攻,中国之害战与和,两用则成,偏用则败及和亲无耻等思想观点。 　　(一)不以信义结夷狄 　　在中国民族关系史上,有两种具有代表性的思想观念,一种是汉族猜疑少数民族,主张不应对夷狄讲诚信,如岳飞就曾说:夷狄不可信,和好不可恃。2另一种则主张华夷一家,应对少数民族讲信义,如唐太宗就说:吾以诚信御天下。3褚遂良坚持以信义而抚戎夷的民族关系思想。4    　　王夫之是前一种思想观念的代表人物之一。 　　在王夫之的理论思维中,人与人相于,信义而已矣5,即人与人之间应该讲诚信、守信义,但在他看来,夷狄非我族类者也6,而信义者,人与人相与之道,非以施之非人者也7,也就是说,信义是人与人之间的相处之道,不能施之于非人者,所以应不以信义结夷狄。王