基因分型技术的原理、流程及其在植物领域的应用-生物技术论文-生物学论文.docxVIP

基因分型技术的原理、流程及其在植物领域的应用-生物技术论文-生物学论文 ——文章均为WORD文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印—— 植物生物技术论文第八篇：基因分型技术的原理、流程及其在植物领域的应用  　　摘要：随着高通量测序技术的发展, 一种高效而经济的SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) 发掘和基因分型技术GBS (genotyping by sequencing) 被开发出来, 避免了传统基因型鉴别方法的不足, 现已被广泛应用于植物遗传图谱构建、全基因组关联分析、基因多样性研究以及种质鉴定和品种识别等多个领域。从GBS技术的原理、流程、特点以及应用等方面对近年来植物应用GBS技术所进行的研究进展进行综述, 并提出了今后GBS技术的研究重点, 以期为GBS技术在植物的应用研究提供参考。  　　关键词：GBS技术; 植物; 应用领域; 研究进展;  　　Research Progress of GBS Technology in Plant  　　QIAO Yan SUN Jiaqing WEI Ruqian LIU Yue  　　Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China College of Life and Enviironmental Sciences, Minzu University of China National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine  　　Abstract：With the development of high throughput sequencing technology, GBS (genotyping by sequencing) technique, an economic technique to discover SNP and genotype myriad of crop germpasms in an effective way, has been developed, which avoids the deficiency of traditional genotypic identification methods. It has been widely used in many fields including construction of genetic map, genome-wide association study, genetic diversity and germplasm dentification and variety identification. In this paper, the research progress of GBS technology in plants was reviewed from the principle, process, characteristics and application. And the research emphasis on GBS technology was putting forward in the future, which was expected to provide reference for the future research of GBS technology on plants.  　　伴随着新一代测序技术的逐渐成熟，高通量测序技术，又称为下一代测序技术，逐渐被广泛认可和利用，并为植物基因组学研究提供充分信息[1]。下一代测序技术提供的数据信息为遗传信息的发掘和基因表达调控等基础性研究做出了很大的贡献。简化基因组测序技术 (reducedrepresentation sequencing) 是目前比较高效的适用于群体分析的手段，已有的方法主要有限制性片段长度多态性、扩增片段长度多态性等[2]。而新型的基因分型方法基于测序基因分型技术 (genotyping by sequencing, GBS) ，由于其快速、简便、低成本等优点逐渐被应用于多种植物的研究中[3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]。为了更好地了解和应用GBS技术，本文从原理、技术流程、特点以及应用领域4个方面对近年来GBS技术研究进展进行综述，以期为以后GBS技术的改良以及在植物领域更好地应用提