未来资源研究所-建立绩效标准：碳政策的教训.docxVIP

Contents Background 1 Scope 4 Price Formation 8 Targets and Timetables 15 Term 15 Type 16 Stringency 17 Flexibility Mechanisms 19 Banking 19 Offsets 19 Linking 20 Alternative Compliance: Prescriptive Pathways 20 Interactions with Existing Policies and Markets 22 Renewable Portfolio Standards 22 Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative 22 Electricity Markets 24 Discussion 25 Background Roughly 70 percent of worldwide energy consumption and a comparable share of global greenhouse gas emissions are attributable to cities, according to the World Bank.