- 9
- 0
- 约1.89万字
- 约 100页
- 2020-12-13 发布于四川
- 举报
. 形容词和副词 5.1 兼有两种形式的副词 5.2“不及物动词+副词”与 “系动词+形容词”的区别 5.3 表语形容词和定语形容词 5.4 形容词作状语 5.5 形容词和副词的比较级 5.6 以 –ly 结尾的形容词 5.7 部分同根形容词的辨义 5.8 与形容词构成固定搭配的介词 5.9 作名词后置修饰语的副词 5.10形容词 +that 从句 5.11形容词作后置修饰语的几种情况 5.1 兼有两种形式的副词 5.1 兼有两种形式的副词 有些副词兼有两种形式,一种与形容词同形,另一种由该形容词加ly构成,这些成对副词有些在意义上并无多大区别而有些则有明显区别。现列举有区别的几对如下: hard 努力 near 接近 hardly 几乎不 nearly 几乎 high 高 late 迟 highly 高度地,非常 lately 最近 short 突然;简短的 free 免费的 shortly 立刻;不久 freely 无拘束地 direct 直线地 close 近 directly 直接地,立即 closely 严密地;密切地 easy 轻松地;自在地 clean 彻底地;完全地 easily 容易地 cleanly 清洁地 试比较下列各对例句: I hate arriving late. I haven’t been to the theatre lately. Throw it as high as you can. They spoke very highly of him. Babies are allowed to travel free on buses. You may speak quite freely in front of me. The driver stopped short when the child ran into the street. Mr Jones will be back shortly. He was following close behind. Watch closely what I do. Take it easy. I can easily finish it today. 除上述兼有两种形式的副词在词义上有明显的区别外,还存在着搭配上的差异。如 firm 与 firmly,前者常用于某些固定搭配中: stand firm(站稳立场); hold firm to one’s belief(坚持某人的信仰)等; 而后者则无一定的固定搭配关系。 又如:high 与 highly,它们的固定搭配有: aim high(力争上游), pay high(付高价), play high(大赌), live high(过奢侈生活), search high and low(互处搜寻); speak highly of sb.(称赞某人), think highly of sb.(对某人评价很高)等等。 5.2 “不及物动词 + 副词” 与 “系动词 + 形容词” 两种结构的区别 这是两种完全不同的语法结构: 前者实质上是“不及物动词+状语”; 后者实质上是“系动词+表语(或称主语补足语)”。 关键是要弄清楚结构中的动词是一般的不及物(实义)动词还是系动词。 请看以下实例: Her child behaved badly.(不用bad) The records sound bad at the volume.(音量) The experiment has proved successful. She looked beautiful in her new dress but her husband looked angrily in the wallet. (句中第一个look为系动词,意为“看上去”;第二个look为 不及物动词,意为“朝里看”) 一般来说,系动词be, become往往需要后续表语,而不单独使用;另外,一些系动词同时又是不及物动词的实义动词,常见的有:seem, look, appear, sound, taste, feel, smell, stay, remain, keep, grow, turn, go,
原创力文档

文档评论(0)