土木工程专业外文翻译.docxVIP

DESIGN AND EXECUTION OF GROUND INVESTIGATION FOR EARTHWORKS ABSTRACT The desig n and executi on of ground inv estigati on works for earthwork projects has become increasingly important as the availability of suitable disposal areas becomes limited and costs of import ing engin eeri ng fill in crease. An outline of ground investigation methods which can augment ‘ traditional investigation methods particularly for glacial till / boulder clay soils is presented. The issue of ‘geotechnical certification is raised and recommendations outlined on its merits for incorporation with ground in vestigati ons and earthworks. INTRODUCTION The investigation and re-use evaluation of many Irish boulder clay soils presents difficulties for both the geotechnical engineer and the road design engin eer. These glacial till or boulder clay soils are mai nly of low plasticity and have particle sizes ranging from clay to boulders. Most of our boulder clay soils contain varying proportions of sand, gravel, cobbles and boulders in a clay or silt matrix. The amount of fines governs their behaviour and the silt content makes it very weather susceptible. Moisture contents can be highly variable ranging from as low as 7% for the hard grey black Dublin boulder clay up to 20-25% for Midland, South-West and North-West light grey boulder clay deposits. The ability of boulder clay soils to take-i n free water is well established and poor pla nning of earthworks ofte n amplifies this. The fine soil con stitue nts are gen erally sen sitive to small in creases in moisture content which often lead to loss in strength and render the soils unsuitable for re-use as engineering fill. Many of our boulder clay soils (especially those with in termediate type silts and fine sand matrix) have bee n rejected at the select ion stage, but good pla nning shows that they can in fact fulfil specificati on requireme nts in terms of compacti on and stre ngth. The select ion process should aim to maximise the use of local