英语词汇学大纲.docVIP

English Lexicology 2006 Wang Yang PAGE PAGE 26 English Lexicology Course Chapter One: Lexicology: 1. Lexicology: Lexi = “word, phrase”;(Greek); Lexicos= “having to do with words”; Logos= “a department of language” (Greek); Lexicology: a branch of linguistics dealing with the vocabulary of a language and properties of words as the main units of language 2. Recognition of Words What is a word? Jackson Amvela, 2000:50-52: Four Characteristics ?The word is an uninterruptible.unit. ?The word may consist of one or more morpheme. ?The word occurs typically in the structure of phrases. ?The word should belong to a specific word class or part of speech. Zhangweiyou(1997:7): ?A minimal free form of a language ?A sound unity ?A unit of meaning ?A form that can be function alone in a sentence Three senses of “word”: (1) A cluster of sound segments or letters between two pauses or blanks ·Phonological: / it is w?nd?f?l / ·Orthographical: It is wonderful. (Pause or Blank) ·Phonological: / its’ w?nd?f?l / ·Orthographical: It’s wonderful. (Liaison or Contracted form) (2). The common factor underlining a set of forms Noun: girl ; girls Verbs: work; worked; works; working (3). A grammatical unit between morpheme and word group ( hierarchical rank) Text Sentence Word group/phrase Word Morpheme Definition: (1)“The smallest of the linguistic units which can occur on its own in speech and writing.” (Longman Dictionary of Applies Linguistics: P 311.) (2)“A free form that does not consist entirely of lesser free forms is a word.” (Bloomfield, 1933.) (3)“A word is a minimal free form of a language that has given sound and meaning and syntactic function.” (Zhangweiyou,1997: 7) 4. Classification of Words (1) Variable and invariable words Words can be classified according to their variability. Variable words: In variable words, one can find ordered and regular series of grammatically different forms; one the other hand, part of the word remains relatively constant. Follow