操作系统概念英文课件：Chapter 2 Operating-System Structures.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * Operating System System Design Goals User goals – operating system should be convenient to use, easy to learn, reliable, safe, and fast. System goals – operating system should be easy to design, implement, and maintain, as well as flexible, reliable, error-free, and efficient. Operating System Mechanisms and Policies Mechanisms determine how to do something, policies decide what will be done. The separation of policy from mechanism is a very important principle, it allows maximum flexibility if policy decisions are to be changed later. Operating System System Implementation Traditionally written in assembly language, operating systems can now be written in higher-level languages. Code written in a high-level language: can be written faster. is more compact. is easier to understand and debug. An operating system is far easier to port (move to some other hardware) if it is written in a high-level language. Operating System System Generation (SYSGEN) Operating systems are designed to run on any of a class of machines; the system must be configured for each specific computer site. SYSGEN program obtains information concerning the specific configuration of the hardware system. Booting – starting a computer by loading the kernel. Bootstrap program – code stored in ROM that is able to locate the kernel, load it into memory, and start its execution. Operating System * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2.* Operating System Operating System Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System Calls System Programs Operating System Design and Implementation Operating System Structure Virtual Machines Operating System Generation System Boot Operating System Operating System Services User interface - Almost all operating systems have a user interface (UI) Command-Line (CLI), Graphics User Interface (GUI) Program execution – system capability to load a program into memory