过去分词作定语现在分词作定语.pptVIP

abandoned farms,tained camels,meals cooked by experts,those invited,the money left , 归 纳 总 结 单个的过去分词作定语时，置于被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，位于被 修饰词之后。但是， left 作后置定语 the money left ，另外，修饰 those,anything,sth,nobody,nothing 等代词的过去分词也后置。如， sth discussed 知 识 拓 展 及物动词的 过去分词作定语时，与其被修饰 词 之 间 有 逻 辑 上 的 被 动 关 系 。 如 ： boiled water 开水 ; a singer surrounded by a group of fans 被粉丝包围的歌手。 有时既表被动又表完成： the novel written by Luxun=the novel which was written by Luxun. an escaped prisoner,the retired manager,a fallen tree,returned students,fallen leaves,developed countries,the risen sun 结论： 不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成 . 2. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语 从句。及物动词转换成被动语态，不及物转成主动语态。 a letter written in pencil = a letter which was written in pencil the book recommended by Jack = the book which was recommended by Jack the machines produced last year = the machines which were produced last year This substance, discovered almost by accident , has revolutionized machine. = This substance, which was discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized machine. an escaped prisoner: the retired manager: a fallen tree: a prisoner who has escaped the manager who has retired a tree which has fallen 一个正在睡觉的孩子 一个发展中国家 正在沸腾的水 一个令人吃惊的表情 a sleeping child a developing country boiling water a surprising look boiling water a fallen tree fallen leaves a falling tree falling leaves boiled water a flying bird a snow-covered city prepared breakfast 动宾 完成 被动 过去分词作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有 ________ 关系，表示该动作的 _____ 或者 ______; 现在分词作定语与它所修饰的名词存在逻辑上的 ______ 关系，表示该动作的 ______ 或者 ______. 主谓 主动 进行 Exercises D 1. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases ____ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known A 2. As we joined the big crowd, I got ____ from my friends A. separated B. spared C. lost