（讲义及举例）被动语态的概念与结构.docxVIP

被动语态讲义举例 1.概念 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 We clean the office every day. 我们每天打扫办公室。(主动语态) The abacus was invented in the sixth century by the Chinese. 算盘是中国人在6世纪发明的。( 被动语态) 2.结构 被动语态由“be +过去分词”构成。其各种被动语态结构 一般现在时 am/is/are+过去分词 一般过去时 was\were+过去分词 一般将来时 shall/will be+过去分词 am/is/are going to be +过去分词 现在进行时 am/is/are being +过去分词 现在完成时 have/has been+过去分词 过去进行时 was/were being +过去分词 过去将来时 should/would be +过去分词 was/were going to be +过去分词 含有情态动词 情态动词+be+过去分词 3.一般现在时的被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are +过去分词”构成。 -What are they used for? 一它们是用来做什么的? -Theyre used for seeing in the dark. 一它们是被用来在黑暗中 照明的。 题目 1. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, trees around the city every year. A. plant B. are planted C. will plant 2. Soft drinks _to children for free in some restaurants on Childrens Day. A. offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offered 1.B 句意:为了让我们的家乡更加美丽， 每年都要在我们的城市周围栽树。本题考查时态和被动语态。根据every year可知，应该用一般现在时;又因为plant和trees之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。般现在时的被动语态构成为“be( am/is/are) +动词的过去分词”。故选B项。 2. C 句意:在儿童节，一些饭店免费给孩子们提供不含酒精的饮料。本题考查被动语态。on Childrens Day指的是每个儿童节，所以用一般现在时;soft drinks 和offer是被动关系，故用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态是由“am/ is/ are +过去分词”构成。故答案选C项。 4.一般过去时的被动语态 一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were+过去分词”构成。 一When was the car invented?汽车是什么时候发明的? ----l was invented in 1885. 它是在1885年被发明的。 1. -Hey，Molly. You on the phone just now. But you werent here and the man left a phone number. -Oh? I was in the library. A. wanted B. are wanted C. were wanted D. have wanted 2. There was a big earthquake in Japan, but luckily many people . A. save B. saved C. are saved D. were saved 1. C 句意:嘿,Molly，刚才有电话找你，但是你不在，那个人留下了一个电话号码。哦? (刚才)我在图书馆。本题考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及just now可知应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为C。 2. D 句意:日本发生了大地震，但幸运的是许多人得救了。本题考查时态和语态。由于前一个分句是一般过去时，所以后一个分句也要用一般过去时;又因为people与save是被动关系,所以此题应用一般过去时的被动语态。故答案选D项。 5.一般将来时的被动语态 一般将来时的被动语态由“shall\will be +过去分词”或“am/ is/ are going to be +过去分词”构成。 A new road will