大学英语ab级重点语法结构.pdfVIP

大学英语 A/B 级重点语法结构 一、时态与语态 二、情态动词 三、动词不定式 四、分词（分词作状语，分词的独立结构，分词短语作定语和补语， with 结构，动名词） 五、定语从句 六、状语从句 七、虚拟语气 八、主谓一致 九、倒装句 十、强调句 十一、反义疑问句 十二、代词 十三、形容词和副词 一、 时态与语态 考察重点： ▲过去完成时：常和 before, after, until, when 等引导的时间状语从句 连用，其谓语动作一般表示过去。（by the time/the end of ）+ 表示 过去时间的短语或句子。 hardly/scarcely +过去完成时+when+过去时； no sooner + 过去完成时 + than + 过去时 ▲ 现在完成时和现在完成进行时 状语词组：this day (week, month, year), so far, for some time, up to now, up to the present, all this year 等。 ▲ 将来完成时：常和 before, until , when, after 等词连用，其谓语动 作一般表示将来。by (the time/end of )+表示将来的时间或句子。 1) By the end of this month, we surely ____a satisfactory solution to the problem. A. have found B. will be finding C. will have found D. are finding 2) It seems oil ____ from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it high. A. have leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking 3) the conference ____ a full week by the time it ends. A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last D. has lasted 4) Until then, ____ his family from him for six months. A. didn’t hear B. hasn’t been hearing C. hasn’t heard D. hadn’t heard 二、 情态动词 情态动词测试重点： ▲ should (ought to) +have +p.p. （应该发生而没有发生的事情） ▲ might(could)+have +p.p. （过去可能发生而没有发生的事情） ▲ must+have +p.p. (对过去事件的推论) 只用于肯定句。否定句用 can’t , can. 1) The room is in a terrible mess; it __________ cleaned. A. can’t have been B. shouldn’t have been B. mustn’t have been D. wouldn’t have been 2) With all this work on hand, he ____ to the cinema last night. A. mustn’t go B. wouldn’t go C. oughtn’t go D. shouldn’t have gone 三、 动词不定式 考察重点：不定式的完成式，进行式和被动式。 1） Mrs. Brown is supposed ____ for Italy last week. A. to have left B. to be leaving C. t