英语句子成分分析报告与结构.pdfVIP

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  • 2021-01-16 发布于天津
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.. . . .. 8 种基本句子成分: 1. 主语:表句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事” 。通常在句子前面,充当主语的 有名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句、句子等。 e.g. The trees grow very fast. 2. 谓语:说明主语“做什么” “是什么”或“怎么样”。通常在主语后(出疑问 和倒装外)。一般由动词来充当。 e.g. The plane takes off at 8, but this morning it may be delayed by the thick fog. 3. 宾语:表动作行为的对象,在及物动词或介词后。充当宾语的有名词、代词、 数词、副词、不定式、动名词、从句、句子等。 e.g. He takes a bath every morning. 4. 表语:与系动词连用,一起构成谓语部分,说明主语的性质和特征。长在系 动词之后。充当表语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、 分词、介词短语从句等。 e.g. He turned doctor after school, as his parents had expected. Oh, it ’s you. 5. 定语:用来修饰名词或代词。单个词长放在被修饰词前面,短语或句子在被 修饰词之后。充当定语的有数词、名词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、介词 短语、从句等。 e.g. More than twenty workers were fired. This is a stone table and hard enough to hold the load of goods. 6. 状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词,表动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式等。 位置比较灵活。充当状语的有副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词、形容词 词组和名词词组、从句等。 e.g. Tom speaks english very fast and i almost can ’t understand him. Don ’t step on ht grass, for it is growing. 7. 补足语:名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等皆可做补足语。 e.g. We all find him funny . Will you please invite all of them in ? 8. 同位语:对句中的某一成分做进一步解释、说明,与前面的名词在语法上处 于同等地位的句子成分叫同位语。 常位于呗说明的词之后。 可以作同位语的有名 词、代词、数词、和从句等。 e.g. We have two foreign students, a Canadian and an American . They each can get a chance to travel by air. 学习好帮手 .. . . .. 5 种简单基本句型: 1. 主语 +谓语(不及物) (S+Vi ) She came. We work. My head aches. 2. 主语 +谓语(及物) +宾语 (S+Vt+O) She likes basketball. I study French. 3. 主语 +谓语 +宾语+宾补 (S+Vt+O+OC) She makes her mother angry. The teacher asked me to read the passage. 4. 主语 +谓语 +间宾+直宾 (S+Vt+INO+DO) She gave John a book. She bought me a pen. 5. 主语 +系动词 +表语 (S+V+P) They are students. The leaves turned gr

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