高二英语上 人教版 必修5 Unit5 First Aid 语篇解题微技巧.pdfVIP

Unit5 First Aid 语篇解题微技巧 主旨大意题之段落大意题(阅读理解) 方法指导 由于文章的结构不同,主题句出现的位置通常也不同:(1)采用归纳法撰写的段落,表述的事例在前,概 括性的观点居后,主题句则位于段末。(2)运用演绎法撰写的段落,先提出观点,后举例论证,主题句则出现在 段首。(3)如果作者采用事例——观点——事例的写作方式,则主题句出现在段落的中间。(4)如果文章没 有明显的主题句,则根据内容的提示,通过逻辑推理,概括出主题句。 做这类题时需快速阅读文章,找出各个段落的主题句。一般来说,说明文和议论文都有主题句,而且多 位于文章的开头,有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能直接在文章中找到主题句,那么则需要在弄 清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容,具有高度 的综合性和概括性,文章的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释、说明、论证或拓展。 典例引领 (2017 浙江,A) Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush. The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬 乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing. The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit. In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景)painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. Th