高分子材料加工技术专业英语 Commodity Plastics PP讲稿.doc

PAGE 5 PAGE 5 聚丙烯——Polypropylene (PP) 教学设计  教学内容与设计 时间分配 或备注说明 1、History Polypropylene (PP) was developed in Spain in 1954 by professor Giulio Natta. He was able to produce the resin by using catalysts from the Polyethylene industry and applying them to propylene gas. 2、Structure The PP monomer is a single bond between two carbon atoms and can be seen below. It is similar to Polyethylene in many ways, but the methyl group that takes the place of the hydrogen reduces the chain flexibility, making polypropylene a stiffer material. 3、Forms PP comes in a few varieties: Homopolymer - General purpose grade, very versatile Block Copolymer - 5-15% ethylene, improved impact strength to below 20° C Random Copolymer - Co-monomers arranged randomly on the molecular chain, more flexibility and better clarity 4、Performances Density – PP has a specific gravity of 0.93 which means that it will float in water. Crystallinity – PP is semi-crystalline (around 75%) Hygroscopy – PP is not hygroscopic and does not require drying when processed Price – PP is a very cheap and extremely common polymer. The commodity polymers are generally cheaper than the engineering grade polymers depending on the quantity purchased. Mechanical Properties – PP has a tensile strength that averages around 4,500 psi and its tensile modulus around 175,000 psi. Chemical Resistance – PP has excellent chemical resistance. It is one of the most chemically resistant thermoplastic resins. It is not quite as good as HDPE, but it is still one of the best in terms of chemical resistance. Thermal Sensitivity – PP is not very thermally sensitive. It can remain at high temperatures for long periods of while suffering little if any thermal degradation. 5、Applications Consumer goods- Food storage containers, weather resistant clothing, indoor–outdoor carpeting Medical Applications- Syringes, storage containers for needles, surgical disposable fabric Packaging-Notably anything with a living hinge is usually