2014级国际班课程材料_李备整理非地震课件8.pdfVIP

Introduction Electrical surveying… • Resistivity method • Induced polarization method (IP) • Self-potential (SP) method Higher frequency methods (electromagnetic surveys): • Electromagnetic induction methods • Ground penetrating radar (GPR) 2 Electromagnetic method Electromagnetic (EM) surveying methods make use of the response of the gr d to the propagation of lectromagnetic field. This response vary according to the onductivity of the ground (in S/m). • Primary EM fields are generated using a alternating current in a loop wire (coil) or a natural EM source • The response of the ground is the generation of a secondary EM field • The resultant field is detected by the alternating currents that they induce in a receiver coil 4 Application • Exploration of metalliferous mineral deposits • Exploration for fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal) • Engineering/construction site investigation • Glaciology, permafrost • Geology • Archaeological investigations 5 Structure of the lecture 1. Equations in electromagnetic surveying 2. Survey strategies and interpretation 3. Conclusions 6 1. Equations in electromagnetic surveying 7 Maxwell equations ∂B ∇ ×E + 0 Faraday induction ∂t ∂D ∇ ×H j Ampère −Maxwell ∂t ∂