new17物理场2大学物理量子物理.pdf

矢量场可视化 1 二维矢量场箭头图 x=-0.3: 0.041: 0.3; y=-0.3: 0.041: 0.3; [X,Y]=meshgrid(x,y); Z=1./sqrt((X-0.2).^2.+Y.^2) -1./sqrt((X+0.2).^2+Y.^2); [PX,PY]=gradient(-Z,h); contour(x,y,Z,[-12,-8,-5,-3,-2,-1, -0.5,-0.1,0.1,0.5,1,2,3,5,8,12]) hold on quiver(X,Y,PX,PY) 电偶极子的电场 二维矢量场流线图 [x,y] = meshgrid(0:0.1:1,0:0.1:1); u = x; v = -y; % 矢量场 quiver(x,y,u,v) %箭头图 startx = 0.1:0.1:1; % 流线起点 starty = ones(size(startx)); streamline(x,y,u,v,startx,starty) 3 三维矢量场箭头图 三维曲线的切线 二维曲面的法线 t = 0 : 0.5 : 8; [x,y] = meshgrid(-2:0.4:2,-1:0.3:1); x = sin(t); y =cos(t); z = t; z = x .* exp(-x.^2 - y.^2); plot3(x, y, z), hold on %计算曲面的法线分量 u=gradient(x); [u,v,w] = surfnorm(x,y,z); v=gradient(y); quiver3(x,y,z,u,v,w); w=gradient(z); hold on, quiver3(x,y,z,u,v,w,0) surf(x,y,z), hold offf view(-36,66) 三维矢量场剖面流线图 load wind zmax = max(z(:)); zmin = min(z(:)); streamslice(x,y,z,u,v,w,[],[],(zmax-zmin)/2) 5 三维矢量场 6 figure 三维矢量场的流线 load wind [sx sy sz] = meshgrid(80, 20:10:50, 0:5:15); plot3(sx(:),sy(:),sz(:),*r); %标出流线起点 h=streamline(x,y,z,u,v,w,sx,sy,sz); set(h, Color, cyan); daspect([1 1 1]) box on; camproj pe