2021届高考英语语法填空精读精炼（十）-含答案.doc

2021高考英语语法填空精读精炼（十） Part 1：文本欣赏 Not for jazz We have an old musical instrument.It is called aclavichord.It was made in Germany in 1681.Our clavichord is kept in the living-room.It has belonged to our family for a long time.The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.My father was shocked.Now we are not allowed to touch it.It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers. Part 2：文本解析 一）词汇学习 Word study 1.damage （1）n. 损害，损失，伤害： The storm has done a lot of damage to the village. 暴风雨给这座村庄造成了很大损失。 （2）vt. 损害，毁坏，损坏： The car was badly damaged in the accident. 在这次事故中，这辆车受到了严重的损坏。 2.touch （1）vt.,vi. 触摸，碰： You are not allowed to touch the vase. 你们不许碰花瓶。 You can look at the pictures, but you cant touch them. 你们可以观看这些画，但不可以摸。 （2）vt. 谈及，涉及，关系到： A rise in the cost of living touches everyone. 生活费用的增加与每个人都有关系。 3.与被动形式的made连用的几个介词 动词make经常用于被动语态。当它与不同的介词搭配时，意义也稍有不同。 （1）made in可表示产地或时间： This bike was made in China. 这辆自行车是中国造的。 It was made in 1988. 它生产于1988年。 （2）made of表示用某种材料制成（通常指制造后不改变该材料原来的性质或形状）： This chair is made of wood. 这椅子是木制的。 （3）made from表示用某种材料制成，或者是制造后改变了材料原来的性质或形状： Paper can be made from wood. 用木材可以造纸。 （4）made by表示由谁制造： This skirt was made by Mary. 这条裙子是玛丽做的。 二）课文详注 1.We have an old musical instrument.我家有件古乐器。 instrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指医疗、机器等方面的。但它可以用来泛指各种乐器。 2.It is called a clavichord. 被称做古钢琴。 call在这里的意思是“把……称为”、“称呼”，既可用于主动语态，也可用于被动语态： What do you call this? 你们把这称为什么？ They call him big Tom. 他们叫他“大个子汤姆”。 3.It has belonged to our family for a long time. 我们家有这件乐器已经很久了。 belong为不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。另外，它是一个表示状态的动词，而不是行为动词，所以它也不能用于进行时。它最常用的时态是一般现在时和一般过去时： This farm belongs to me and it belonged to my father before me. 这个农场现在属于我；在此之前它属于我父亲。 4.She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. 她在击琴键时用力过猛，损坏了两根琴弦。 并列连词and在这里的意义相当于so，表示后一句是前一句的结果。再如： He fell heavily and broke his arm. 他摔得很重，手臂都摔断了。 三）本课语法 1.被动语态(The pass