乡土本色下的基层特征.docVIP

乡土本色下的基层特征 ——《乡土中国》读书报告 外国语学院法语系 蔡子修 学号：2015201666 【摘要】：乡土中国是费孝通著述的一部研究中国基层传统社会的——农村的作品，在这本书中，作者用通俗简洁的语言对中国基层社会的主要特征进行了理论上的论述和分析，较为全面的展现了中国基层社会的面貌。在我们这个幅员辽阔农业文明的国度，由于离不开泥土，守候着土地，依赖着大地的民族心态和较为稳定的社会形态，派生出了愚、差序格局、经验、礼俗社会、家族、自我主义、教化权力、长老统治等众多与之相匹配的特征。书中以中国基层乡村最核心的“土气”对这些与生俱来的社会现象、社会事实经行了充分的阐释。虽然乡土社会不是完整的中国社会，但他是包含在具体的中国基层传统里的一种特殊的体系，支配者社会生活的方方面面。虽时过境迁，现代国人的一些观念、行为仍保留着它的踪影。所以读完此书，不难理解我们民族的性格和那些根深蒂固的思维方式。 【关键词】:土地、 农业、 稳定 、相匹配的特征 【Abstract】: the rural China is a sociological masterpiece written by Fei Xiaotong that refers to the countryside and folks, the foundations of Chinese conventional society. In this book, the author demonstrated and analyzed the main features of the basement of Chinese society as well as the fundamental class through the simple words briefly, throwing light on certain aspects of such a society. In a so huge state famous for the agricultural civilization, it is the national sentiment including being reluctant to leave the homeland, being dependent on the soil alone with a fairly stable and consistent social formation that generated a series of characters as the stupidity， the differential pattern，the etiquette society, the family, the egoism, the experiences, the educational power, the Presbyterian domination etc. corresponding with the facts mentioned above. The author also provided a fulfill illustration to these inherent social phenomenon and verities via the essential feature of the rural areas, the rustic trait that means being close to land. Though the rural society could not represent the whole Chinese society, it does exist as a special system contained in the traditions of the foundation, governing a great deal of fields in our social life. Despite the change of circumstance, it also remains in some of our concepts and even behaviors at an age of modern times. Having read this book, I do get a clear interpretation of our national personalities and deeply-rooted mode of thinking. 【Keywords】: the land, agriculture, stability, correspond