从创伤理论视角解读《被埋葬的孩子》.pdfVIP

摘要 山姆·谢泼德（1943— ）是 20 世纪美国戏剧界最重要的剧作家之一。他创作了超过 45 部戏剧并且获得了13 次奥比奖。在1979 年他凭借《被埋葬的孩子》获得普利策戏剧奖。 谢泼德对探索美国家庭表现出极大的兴趣并创作了许多关于功能失调家庭的戏剧。他 将自身的生活经历融入到他的作品中。《被埋葬的孩子》被认为是一部具有很强自传色彩 的作品，这部剧是他的家庭剧三部曲之一。此剧描写了一个美国核心家庭的破碎，剧中的 家庭成员陷入了由可怕的乱伦和随后发生的杀婴造成的困境。 虽然很多研究者对此剧做了大量的研究，但是鲜有从创伤理论角度对此剧的研究。因 此，本文试图探究剧中人物的创伤以及谢泼德勇敢面对创伤过去的过程。通过文献细读的 方法，本文首先探究了剧中家庭成员的一系列创伤症状表现。然后从四个方面分析了造成 这些创伤症状的原因。最后又从谢泼德的人生经历出发分析了他的创伤经历以及他勇敢面 对创伤过去的过程。 此剧的创作过程其实是谢泼德勇敢面对人生中创伤的过程。通过剧中创伤人物的描写， 谢泼德成功处理了他的创伤过去并理解了创伤过去的意义。从创伤理论视角对此剧的解读 有利于加深对谢泼德作品的理解。 关键词：山姆·谢泼德，《被埋葬的孩子》，创伤 I Abstract Sam Shepard (1943—) is a significant contemporary American playwright. He is the author of more than forty-five plays and the winner of Obie Awards thirteen times. In 1979, his masterpiece Buried Child was garlanded with the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. Shepard shows great interest in exploring the American family and writes a series of plays about dysfunctional families. He writes about his personal experiences in his works. Buried Child which is considered a highly autobiographical play is one in his “family trilogy”. The play depicts the breakdown of an American nuclear family in which the family members are mired in the predicament caused by the horrible incest and the ensuing infanticide. Despite a lot of research on the play, few studies have been done from the perspective of trauma theory. Therefore, this thesis attempts to examine the characters’ trauma in the play and Shepard’s confrontation with his traumatic past. Through a close reading of the play, this thesis first makes a close examination of the characters’ traumatic symptoms. Then it probes into the causes of their traumatic symptoms from four aspects. Taking Shepard’s life experiences into consideration, the thesis anal