初中英语定语从句学习复习总结计划练练习习题.docVIP

定语从句讲解及练习 一．定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 如： 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的 man 和 everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有：关系代词 that, which, who( 宾格 whom, 所有格 whose) 关系副词 where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用 1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who 指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 1 / 6 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which在句子中做主语 ) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语 ) that 指人时，相当于 who 或者 whom；指物时，相当于 which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语 ) 5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三．关系副词的用法： 1.when 指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语 It happned in November when the weather was wet and cold. 2.where 指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中做地点状语 Let ’ s look for a place where we can swim. 3.why 指原因，其先行词常是 reason，在句中做原因状语 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 关系代词只用 that, 不用 which 的情况 2 / 6 1.先行词为： all,everything,anything,nothing ,little,much 等不定代词时。 He told me everything that he knows. 2.先行词被 all ,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few 等修饰时 All the books that you offered has been given out. 3.先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰，或先行词本身就是最高级或序数词 时。 This is the best novel that I have ever read. 4.先行词既指人又指物时。 We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. 5.先行词被 the only,the very 修饰时。 He is the only man that can do the work. 6.句中已经有 who 或 whi