强迫症,图雷特综合症的遗传结构(原文及背景知识).docxVIP

In sights into the gen etic architecture of OCD, Tourette syn drome An intern ati onal research con sortium led by in vestigators at Massachusetts Gen eral Hospital (MGH) and the Uni versity of Chicago has an swered several questio ns about the gen etic backgro und of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syn drome (TS), providing the first direct confirmation that both are highly heritable and also revealing major differe nces betwee n the un derly ing gen etic makeup of the disorders. Their report is being published in the October issue of the ope n-access journal PLOS Gen etics. Both TS and OCD appear to have a genetic architecture of many different genes - perhaps hun dreds in each pers on - act ing in concert to cause disease, says Jeremiah Scharf, MD, PhD, of the Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit in the MGH Departme nts of Psychiatry and Neurology, senior corresp onding author of the report. By directly compari ng and con trasti ng both disorders, we found that OCD heritability appears to be concen trated in particular chromosomes - particularly chromosome 15 - while TS heritability is spread across many differe nt chromosomes. An anxiety disorder characterized by obsessions and compulsions that disrupt the lives of patie nts, OCD is the fourth most com mon psychiatric ill ness. TS is a chronic disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics that usually begins in childhood and is often accompa nied by con diti ons like OCD or atte nti on-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Both conditions have been considered to be heritable, since they are known to often recur in close relatives of affected individuals, but identifying specific genes that confer risk has bee n challe nging. Two reports published last year in the journal Molecular Psychiatry , with leadership from Scharf and several co-authors of the curre nt study, described geno me-wide associati on studies (GWAS) of thousa nds of affected in dividuals and con trols. While those studies