英语语法 2.2.3动词语态 被动语态的构成及基本用法.pptVIP

“十二五” 职业教育规划教材 “十二五” 职业教育规划教材 主讲教师：夏美莲 英语语法 English Grammar 娄底职业技术学院 Loudi Vocational and Technical College 应用英语专业资源库 Resource Library of Applied English 被动语态的构成及基本用法 动词的语态 语态是动词的一种形式，主要表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice)，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 例如： Everybody respects him. He is respected by everybody.  被动语态的构成 被动语态由be+过去分词构成。助动词be体现时态、人称和数的变化，过去分词表被动。八种常用时态(以do为例)的被动语态列表如下： 动词时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时 did was/were done 一般将来时 shall/will do shall/will be done 过去将来时 should/would do should/would be done 现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done 过去完成时 had done had been done 八种常用时态的被动语态举例 (1) 一般现在时 Tom, you are wanted on the phone. I am not so easily cheated. History is made by the people. (2) 一般过去时 Many lives were lost in the earthquake. Our teaching building was built in 2006. (3) 一般将来时 We hope that an agreement will be arrived at. The project will be finished in the future. (4) 过去将来时 He said the meeting would be held next month. In the letter he told me that a power station would be built near their village the next year. (5) 现在进行时 This question is being discussed at the meeting. The news is being reported on TV. (6)过去进行时 At that time they were being showed how to swim. A new factory was being built when they arrived there last year. (7)现在完成时 Measures have been taken to deal with the problem. The party has been arranged since last Spring Festival. (8) 过去完成时 He realized that he had been taken advantage of. The gate had been closed when I came back. 被动语态的用法 (1) 不知道或不必指出动作的执行者 The glass is broken. The audience is asked to keep silence. English is spoken in many countries. (2) 需要或更突出强调动作的承受者 Electric bulbs were invented by Edison. Such exercises are often done by the students in class. He was elected chairman of the committee. (3) 出于策略、婉转、礼貌等不提出动作的执行者 We are supposed to be here at seven. You