定语从句详解+例句0001.docxVIP

Att r ibu t i v e CI a use 定语从句 一、 定义 定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1关系代词：在定语从句中扭任主、宾、表、定语成分 2关系副词:在定语从句中担任状语成分 关系词3个功能： 连接功能(连接先行词与定语从句)； 担任功能(在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语)； 替代功能(在定语从句中代替先行词)。 关系代词在定语从句中充当 主语的是：who, that, which, as 宾语的是：who, whom, that, wh i c h , a s 定语的是：w h ose, which 先行词是人时，关系代词是:w h o, w h om, t h at, as 先行词是物时，关系代词是：which, that, wh ose, as 关系副词有:讷wn (先行词为时间)，where (先行词为地点)，why (先行词为原因) 关系副词=介词+ wh i ch /whom 定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗 号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由wh i ch引导。 唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as引导。 二、 关系代词引导的泄语从句 \v ho指人，在从句中做主语 (1 ) The boy s w ho are p lay i ng f o ot b all are f rom Cl a ss On e . (2 ) Yeste r d a y I helped an ol d m a n wh o lost his w a y. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 1) M r . Liu is t h e p e r s on (whom) you t alke d abou t o n th e b us. Mr. Lin g is just t h e b o y w h om I w a nt t o s ee. 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 Th e man w h o/w h om you m e t just now is my fr i e nd. whic h指物，在世语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 Fo o tball i s a game w hich is liked b y most boys ? (2 ) This is the p en (which) h e bought yesterday? 4?tha t指人时，相当于wh o或者whom;指物时，相当于whi c h。在宾语从句中做主 语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 Th e num b e r of the p e o pie th a t/who come to v isi t t h e city ea c h y ear rises o ne mi 1 1 i on. Where i s t he man that / wh o m I saw this m o rning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在宦语从句中做立语，有从属关系。 1) II e h as a fr i end whose f a ther i s ado ctor. 1 once lived i n a hou s e w h ose roof h as fa 1 len in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 T h e c 1 a s s r o om whose door i s broken will s oon be repai red ? (4 ) The c lass r oom t he d oor o f whic h i s brok e n w i 11 soon be re p aired. Do yo u like t he book whose c o v e r i s yell o w ? Doyo u 1 ike th e boo k the colo r of which i s yellow? 三、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在泄语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导 The school ( t ha t /wh i c h ) he once studied i n is v e r y famou s ? The s chool in which he once s tud i ed is ver y f a mo u s. Tomor row I w i 11 bring h e re a m