accap3学习知识点学习总结计划.docx

PESTEL analysis is based on political, economic, social-cultural, technological environmental and legal. It describes a framework of macro-environmental factors used in the environmental scanning component of strategic management. Political factors are basically how the government intervenes in the economy. Specifically, political factors has areas including tax policy, labour law, environmental law, trade restrictions, tariffs, and political stability. Economic factors include economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates, the inflation rate. These factors greatly affect how businesses operate and make decisions. (Interest rates impacts companys cost of capital, business growth and expands. Exchange rate impacts the cost, supply and price of imported goods.) Social factors include the cultural aspects and health consciousness, population growth rate, age distribution, career attitudes and emphasis on safety. Technological factors include technological aspects like RD activity, automation, technology incentives and the rate of technological change. These can determine barriers to entry, minimum efficient production level and influence the outsourcing decisions. Technological shifts would affect costs, quality, and lead to innovation. Legal factors include discrimination law, consumer law, antitrust law, employment law, and health and safety law. These factors can affect how a company operates, its costs, and the demand for its products. Environmental factors include ecological and environmental aspects such as weather, climate, and climate change, which may especially affect industries such as tourism, farming, and insurance. Porters five forces analysis is a framework for analyzing the level of competition within an industry and business strategy development. Threat of new entrants :The existence of barriers to entry (patents, rights, etc.). Government disadvantages independent of of of product costs or sunk to loyalty to established profitabi