成人英语三级复习资料之语法大全.docx

Word Word资料 成人英语三级复习资料之语法大全 一、句法分析 1、 主语：是句子要说明的人或物 ，可以作主语的成分有名词，主语一般在句首。注意名词单 数形式常和冠词不分家！ Mr. Lee is a well-k nown scien tist. 名词作主语 He reads n ewspapers everyday. 代词作主语 Two and ten is twelve. 数词作主语 Smok ing is harmful to the health. 动名词作主语 To swim in that pool is a great pleasure. 动词不定式作主语 What we shall do next is not yet decided. 从句作主语 2、 谓语：说明主语的动作，状态或特征 The new term begi ns on the 1st of September. His father is an engin eer. She seemed happy. Li Hua showed me his album. 3、 宾语:指的是及物动词涉及到的人或物 Wang Ling lent me a no vel to read in the bus. The medici ne is good for a cold. How many pieces do you want? My little sister always likes to ask questi ons. Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow? He asked me what I was going to do toni ght 4、宾语补足语：在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征。 1） The gover nment appo in ted （任命）her chief delegate （首席代表）to the conference. 2） I don t believe the story true. 3） You should put your things in order （有序） 4） The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a week. 5） We saw the pupils play ing basketball. 5、表语：位于系动词如 be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。 1） Wang s father is a doctor. 2） He is always careless. 3） The basketball match is on. 4） All the pupils are on the playgro und now. 5） Our aim is to win more medals. 6） His work is teach ing Fren ch. 7） The questi on is who can really repair the machi nes. 还有位于以下系动词后面的词，我们也称之为表语： 表示感官的：look\seem（看起来）、sou nd （听起来）、smell （闻起来）、taste （尝起 来）、feel （感觉起来）： He looks disappointed（ 形容词作表语）他看起来很失望。 The rubbish smells terrible. 垃圾很难闻。 表示变化的：get、become、turn（变得）。It becomes hotter and hotter （形容词作表语） 天变得越来越热了。 6 6、定语：是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，翻译常用 的’表示。 Word Word资料 Tom is a han dsome boy. The two boys are stude nts. His boy n eeds Toms pen. The boy in the classroom n eeds a pen of yours. The boy n eeds a ball pen. The best boy here is Tom. There is nothing to do today. The smili ng boy n eeds a pen bought by his mother. This is the new dicti onary which I bought yesterday. 7、状语：状语修饰动词、形容词、畐恫或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让 步、方向、程度、目的等。 1） She sing