老师教师课件张牧扬_competence versus incentive.pptxVIP

Competence versus Incentive: Evidence from City Officials in China;Competence vs. Incentive: an old issue;Contemporary literature;Contemporary literature;Political Competition in China:;What this paper does;Identification;Background: Political selection in China;Background: Political selection in China;Estimating Competence;An illustration for identification;Measuring incentive;Estimating Incentive;Disentangling Competence and Incentive;To mimic the age effects shown in Figure 1 Two age groups are defined Group A (age 57) Group B (age = 57) Interact |Age – 57| with those two age group dummies Interaction of incentive and competence Three age groups Group 1 (age = 53 at the next party congress) Group 2 (53 age 57 at the next party congress) Group 3 (age = 57 at the next party congress) Interact Political cycle with those three age group dummies;Data and variables;Sample cities;The 2003-2011 sample Contains all the cities in the 1994-2011 sample, but only officials who served after 2003; This sample is used to study incentive and its comparison with competence. The connected sample of 2003-2011 Contains all the cities in the connected sample but only officials in that sample who served after 2003; This sample is meant to study the heterogeneous effects of incentive by competence. ;Distributions of age;Results for competence;21;22;A comparison between competence and incentive Competence Difference between 75th and 25th: 13.91 percentage points Age One year older reduces growth rate by 0.063 percentage points Political cycles One year closer to the next party congress increases growth by 0.49 percentage points, so one political cycle increases growth by 2.44 percentage points. ;Heterogeneous effects of incentive;25;26;Heterogeneous effects of incentive;28;Summary of results;Conclusions