虾蟹养殖现状.pptxVIP

一、虾蟹类资源三、我国概况1、虾蟹类及虾蟹类资源2、增养殖种类及选择标准二、世界概况Lobster：具厚重甲壳的爬行虾类；螯虾、龙虾Crayfish：淡水螯虾海水螯虾Crawfish：海水螯虾虾蟹类Shrimp: 小虾(英)对虾(美)海虾及半咸水虾(FAO)Prawn：大虾(英)对虾(英)淡水虾(FAO)Crab:蟹类Shellfish：贝类和甲壳类的总称增养殖种类的选择标准食用标准：肉质、大小、壳薄、可食比例、色泽 生产性能：生长速度、密养性、食性、抗逆性、 适应力苗种来源：资源量、抗病力、亲体数量及成 熟难易移动性：收获、放流生态问题：生态入侵、引进、放流通常选择本地种引进外来种应注意的问题二、世界概况3442371T826812产量与份额产量与份额2010年亚洲各国甲壳类世界虾类中国对虾-黄海2号斑节对虾凡纳滨对虾美国中国孟加拉国洪都拉斯菲律宾印度墨西哥泰国越南哥伦比亚厄瓜多尔印度尼西亚澳大利亚日本对虾印度对虾墨吉对虾南美白对虾斑节对虾中国对虾日本毛虾主要消费国：美国、日本、西欧主要出口国：泰国、厄瓜多尔、印度尼西亚、印度、越南、中国消费需求：口味、质量、种类、品种等世界经济蟹类There was a steady increase in total crab production (aquaculture + capture) over the 1990-2000 period. In 2000 it rose slightly by a further 3% reaching 1.2 million MT. In 1990, world crab production was 700 000 MT. China is the leader among crab producers with an output of 516 000 MT, up 23% from 1999 and almost four times more compared to 1990. Another important crab producer is the USA whose output is equivalent to 11% of the world’s crab production, that is 136 000 MT (2000). The USA experienced quite a strong decline in production in the last two years (-46%). Canada is the world’s third main crab producer (106 700 MT in 2000) and its output has been expanding steadily over the last ten years1.2Kg 青蟹In 2000, 88%of total crab production consisted of wild crab. The bulk (76%) of Chinese crab production was wild crab in 2000. In 2000, China had a wild crab output of 391 000 MT (up 21% from 1999), therefore retaining its top position among wild crab producers. The USA, in second position produced 135 600 MT of wild crab in 2000, 35% less than in 1999. All the US crab is wild crab.In 1990, only 3 800 MT of crab were farmed, this activity reached 140 300 MT in 2000. China was responsible for this strong expansion. It produces 90% of the world’s farmed crab (not identified marine crabs), 30% more compared to 1999. Chinese cultured crab production was nil in 1990.三、我国概况我国概况养殖种类规模与产量历史与现状问题与对策发展趋势我国虾类主要养殖种类我国常见养殖种类中国对虾南美白对虾罗氏沼虾日本对虾长毛对虾日本对虾南美白对虾斑节对虾墨吉对虾历史与现状历史始于20世