公共管理英语(修订版)_顾建光_全文翻译Unit2.docxVIP

范文范例指导参考 范文范例指导参考 word word版整理 范文范例指导参考 范文范例指导参考 word word版整理 Why Public Ma nageme nt Reform? 为什么要进行公共管理改革？ Public man ageme nt reform is usually thought of as a means to an end, not an end in itself. 公共管理改革通常被认为是一种达到目的的手段 , 而并非目的本身。To be more precise we should perhaps say that it potentially a means to multiple ends. 更准确说，我们可以认为它是一种潜 在地达至U多种目的的手段 。These include making saving (economies) in public expe nditure, impro ving the quality of public services, making the operati on of gover nment more efficie nt, and in creas ing the cha nces that the policies which are chose n and impleme nted will be effective. 这些目 的包括：节约公共开支(经济)，提高公共服务的质量，使政府的运作更加有 效，增加被选用的和实施的政策变得有效的机会 。On the way to achieving these importa nt objectives, public man ageme nt reform may also serve a nu mber of in termediate en ds, in cludi ng those of stre ngthe ning the con trol of politicia ns over the bureaucracy, freeing public officials 公务员、国家公职人员、政府官员 from 公务员、国家公职人员、政府官员 bureaucratic con stra ins which in hibit their opport un ities to man age and enhance the government accountability to the legislature and the citizenry for its policies and programs. 在实现这些重要目标的同时 ，公共管 理改革还可能为一系列中间目标提供服务 ，包括强化政治家对官僚的控制和把 公务员从官僚政治的束缚中解放出来，这些束缚阻碍了他们在政策和计划实施 中管理和提升政府对立法部门和公民所负责任的机会 。Last, but not least, one should men ti on the symbolic and legitimacy ben efits of management reform. 最后，但并非最不重要的是，我们还应该注意公共管理 改革的象征性与合法性意义 。For politicia ns these ben efits con sist partly of being seem to be doing something. 这些好处对于政治家而言 ，至少可被人 们认为他们正在有所作为 。Announcing reforms, criticizing bureaucracy, prais ing new man ageme nt tech niq ues, promis ing improved services for the future, restructuri ng min istries and age ncies — all these activities help to attract favorable attention to the politicians who espouse 支持、赞成、信奉 them. 比 支持、赞成、信奉 如宣布进行改革，批评官僚主义，表扬新的管理技术，许诺在未来改进服务， 重组部门和办事机构 一一所有这些活动都能把有利的注意力吸引到主张这些事 情的政治家身上。A cynic玩世不恭者、愤世嫉俗者、好挖苦人的人、好嘲笑的人 might observe that, in these days when the power of in dividual gover nments to act in