翻译理论与实践(下)6英汉合同翻译.pptx

实用文翻译;翻译理论与实践（下）教学内容;第六章. 英汉合同翻译;一、合同的基本概念和结构 合同亦称契约，是具有法律约束力的承诺，表示当事人愿意承担权利和义务。合同是具有法律约束力的文件，一经签订，当事人各方均须严格执行。 《中华人民共和国合同法》第二条规定：“合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。” ; A contract, in the simplest definition, is a promise enforceable by law. The promise may be to do something or to refrain from doing something. The making of a contract requires the mutual assent of two or more persons, one of them ordinarily making an offer and another accepting. If one of the parties fails to keep the promise, the other is entitled to legal recourse against him. The law of contracts has to do with such questions as whether a contract exists, what the meaning of it is, whether a contract has been broken, and what compensation is due the injured party. (The New Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th edition, published by Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. 1977, Vol. 5, P.124) ; 合同的种类虽然繁多，但就其基本结构来说是一致的，一般包括三部分：前言、正文和结尾，也可以称为约首、正文和约尾。概括起来，合同所涉及的基本内容主要包括以下几条： 1. The corporate or personal names of the contract parties and their nationalities, principle place of business or residence addresses; 合同当事人的名称或者姓名、国籍、主营业所或住所； 2. Date and place of signature of the contract; 合同签订的日期、地点； ;3. Type of the contract and the kind, scope of the subject matter of the contract; 合同的类型和合同标的种类、范围； 4. Technical conditions, quality, standard, specifications and quantities of the subject matter of the contract; 合同标的技术条件、质量、标准、规格、数量； 5. Time limit, place and method of performance; 履行的期限、地点和方式； 6. Terms of price, amount and way of payment, and various additional charge; 价格条件、支付金额、支付方式和各种附带的费用； ;7. Whether the contract could be assigned or conditions for assignment; 合同能否转让或者合同转让的条件； 8. Compensation and other liabilities for breach of the contract; 违反合同的赔???和其他责任； 9. Ways for settlement of disputes in case of disputes arising from the contract; 合同发生争议时的解决方法； 10. Languages to be used in the contract and their effectiveness. 合同使用的文字及效力。 ;二、 合同的基本种类 这里主要讨论国际商务合同，即所谓的涉外合同。根据国际贸易商品流通的各种做法，称为贸易方式。不同的贸易方