2021_2022学年新教材高中英语Unit3Fasterhigherstronger突破语法大冲关学案外研版选择性必修第一册.doc

PAGE Unit 3 Faster higher stronger v．-ing形式作主语 [观察例句] 观察下列句子，指出黑体部分在句中的语法作用。 1．Since then，finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.动词-ing短语作主语 2．Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.动词-ing短语作主语 3．Just dreaming for things，however，costs nothing.动词-ing短语作主语 4．Marys being late for class made her teacher angry.动词-ing的复合结构作主语 5．It is no use arguing with him about such a matter.动词-ing短语作真正主语 [归纳用法] 一、动词-ing作主语的用法 1．动词-ing形式作主语时具有名词的特征，谓语动词一般用单数。 Drinking a lot of water is good for you. 多喝水对你有好处。 Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours from here. 从这儿乘火车到杭州大约要(花费)16个小时。 2．用it作形式主语，而将动词-ing形式的动词或动词短语放到句末，以避免句子结构头重脚轻。常见句型有：It is＋no good (no use，fun，a pleasure，a waste of time)＋doing ...。 It is no good eating too much sweet food. 吃太多的甜食没有好处。 It is a waste of time sitting here without doing anything. 在这儿干坐着是浪费时间。 二、动词-ing的复合结构作主语 作主语的动词-ing的复合结构通常由“形容词性物主代词/名词所有格＋动词-ing”构成，其中的形容词性物主代词或名词所有格是动词-ing的逻辑主语。 His returning back to work is a great help to us. 他回来工作对我们来说是一大帮助。 Its no use Marys pretending that she didnt know the rules. 玛丽假装不了解这些规章，这没有意义。 [即学即练1]　单句语法填空 ①Their(they) coming was a great encouragement to us. ②Reading (read) English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good. ③Its no use complaining (complain) without taking any action. ④Its a waste of time trying (try) to persuade such a person. 三、动词-ing形式和不定式作主语的区别 动词-ing形式作主语表示一般的、非一次的、抽象的、泛指的动作；不定式作主语常表示具体的、某一次的、特定的动作。 Swimming is one of my favourite sports.游泳是我喜爱的运动之一。(泛指) To swim in this lake is very dangerous.在这个湖里游泳很危险。(特指) [名师点津] 用动词-ing形式或不定式作主语时，要注意主语和表语的一致。即当表语是动词-ing形式时，主语也要用动词-ing形式，当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式。 Respecting others is respecting oneself./To respect others is to respect oneself. 尊重别人就是尊重自己。 [即学即练2]　单句语法填空 ①Playing (play)with fire is dangerous. ②To finish (finish) the work in ten minutes is very hard. ③Swimming is good for health，but to swim in such a polluted river is harmful to health.(swim) ④Climbing mountains is (be) really difficu