土豆采摘装置结构设计.docVIP

PAGE 24 PAGE 24 PAGE PAGE 1 土豆采摘装置结构设计 摘 要 机械工业发展较快，各种设备研制出来被用于生产与生活当中，为生产与生活提供方便。我国是农业大国，农业产品的种植面积比较大，其中土豆的种植面积多达1.5亿亩，是目前全球种植面积最大的，面积是全国的耕地8%。并且国内的土豆产量也是全世界第一的，年产量达到9000万吨，土豆的用途比较广泛，产值较大，为众多农产品当中的一种。如此巨大产量的土豆收获采摘的话，工作量非常大，特别是每年在收获季节来说，时间比较紧凑，传统方式多为人工采摘收获，这种方式是从古至今延续下来的一种方式，存在效率较低的问题，因此适用于一些农村种植小户。对于大型种植基地以及土豆生产企业来说，每年的产量较大，单纯依靠人工采摘的话，没法满足大批量收货要求，并且现在的人工成本逐年提升，对于生产单位来说，无疑是面临巨大的经济压力，因此急切需要通过使用农用机器替代传统人工作业，将生产种植企业的人工密集型转变成本机器自动化生产，大幅度提升企业的产能和效率，降低人工成本。 本次设计的土豆采摘装置，主要是对土豆进行采摘收获的设备。通过市场考察以及分析，并且查询相关书籍知识， 对本次的土豆采摘装置进行方案确定。通过分析土豆尺寸，确定铲斗间隙，同时对传动机构方案进行确定，链传动做出相应的计算，以及传动轴的设计校核，键与轴承的设计等。并且通过CAD软件对本次土豆采摘装置进行图纸绘制。 关键词：土豆采摘装置、方案确定、链传动、设计校核 Structure dseign of potato picking device Abstract With the rapid development of mechanical industry, various kinds of equipment have been developed and used in production and life to provide convenience for peoples life. China is a large agricultural country, and the planting area of agricultural products is relatively large. The planting area of potatoes is up to 150 million , which is the largest in the world at present. The area is 8% of the cultivated land in China. And the domestic potato output is also the first in the world, with an annual output of 90 million tons. Potatoes are widely used and have a large output value, which is one of many agricultural products. Such a huge output of potato harvesting, the workload is very large, especially in the harvest season every year, the time is relatively compact, the traditional way is mostly manual harvesting, this way is a way that has continued from ancient times to the present, there are low efficiency problems, so it is suitable for some small farmers in rural areas, for large planting bases and potato production enterprises Say. The annual output is relatively large, if only relying on manual picking, it can not meet the requirements of large-scale receiving, and the current labor cost is increasing year by year, for the production unit, it is undoubtedly facing huge economi