n the perimeter f an ellipse：在一个椭圆的周长.pdfVIP

On the Perimeter of an Ellipse Paul Abbott School of Physics, M013 The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009, Australia pau l @.au physic .au/~paul Computing accurate approximations to the perimeter of an ellipse is a favourite problem of amateur mathematicians, even attracting luminaries such as Ramanujan [1, 2, 3]. As is well known, the perimeter, , of an ellipse with semimajor axis a and semiminor axis b can be expressed exactly as a complete elliptic integral of the second kind, which can also be written as a Gaussian hypergeometric function, i b2 y i 1 1 b2 y j z j z j z j z (1)   4 a E 1 - ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ  2 p a F ÅÅÅÅÅ , - ÅÅÅÅÅ ; 1; 1 - ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ . j z 2 1 j z k a2 { k 2 2 a2 { What is less well known is that the various exact forms attributed to Maclaurin, Gauss-Kummer, and Euler, are related via quadratic transformation formulae for hypergeometric functions. In this way we obtain additional identities, including a particularly elegant formula, symmetric in a and b, i a2 + b2 y è!!!!!!! j z 1 j z (2)   2 p a b P ÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅÅ , j z ÅÅÅÅÅ 2 k 2 a b { where Pn HzL is a Legendre function. Approximate formulae can be obtained by