医学交流课件：B超生殖道.pptVIP

PART 8第8部分 GENITAL TRACT 生殖道 GENITAL TRACT 生殖道 LANDMARKS 位置标志 UTERUS 子宫 Lies between urinary bladder ventrally and descending colon dorsally – easier to spot in transverse plane 子宫在膀胱背侧和降结肠腹侧。在横切面上较易确定 PROSTATE 前列腺 Lies caudal to urethral origin and can be found best by following urethra caudally in transverse section 前列腺在尿道起始部后方，如在横切面中顺着尿道往后扫查最易发现 FEMALE GENITAL TRACT 雌性生殖道 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC ANATOMY 超声解剖 UTERUS 子宫 Three layers, mucosa, muscularis and serosa 3层组成，粘膜层、肌层和浆膜层 Normal diameter generally 1cm in diameter 直径正常小于1CM OVARIES 卵巢 Difficult to find if normal 正常难发现 Helps to stand bitch up and scan from ventral 让母犬站立起来，从腹部下方检查有帮助 Ventral and lateral to ipsilateral kidneys 同侧肾脏的腹侧和外侧 2cm long in dogs 犬有2cm长 1cm long in cats 猫小于1cm长 MALE GENITAL TRACT 雄性生殖道 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC ANATOMY 超声解剖 PROSTATE 前列腺 Hyperechoic, bi-lobed, homogenous in intact males 在未去势雄性呈高回声，2叶，均质 Hypoechoic, small, homogenous in castrated males 在去势雄性呈低回声，小，均质 TESTES 睾丸 Oval, homogenously hyperechoic, fine echotexture 卵圆形，均质高回声，回声结构细 Mediastinum testis seen as central linear hyperchoic line 睾丸纵隔为高回声的中部亮线 Tunica albuginea is hyperechoic, smooth and thin 白膜高回声、光滑而薄。 FEMALE GENITAL TRACT 雌性生殖道 PATHOLOGY 病状 UTERUS 子宫 Hydro-/muco-/pyometra 子宫积液/黏液/脓 Most common 最常见 Cystic endometrial hyperplasia 子宫内膜囊性增生 Common in unspayed bitches 未绝育雌性多发 Neoplasia 肿瘤 Uncommon 少见 PATHOLOGY 病状 OVARIES 卵巢 Cysts 囊肿 Follicular 卵泡 Luteal 黄体 Neoplasia 肿瘤 Granulosa cell 卵巢粒层细胞 Adenocarcinoma 腺癌 Ovarian stump granuloma 卵巢残端肉芽肿 FEMALE GENITAL TRACT 雌性生殖道 MALE GENITAL TRACT雄性生殖道 PATHOLOGY 病状 PROSTATE 前列腺 Benign prostatic hyperplasia 良性增生 Most common 最常见 Cysts 囊肿 Abscesses after castration 去势后的脓肿 Prostatic neoplasia 前列腺肿瘤 Uncommon in dogs 犬不常见 Mineralization 钙化 Lymphadenopathy 淋巴结病 MALE GENITAL TRACT雄性生殖道 PATHOLOGY 病状 TESTES 睾丸 Cryptorchid 隐睾 Smaller, hypoechoic 小，回声低 Search thoroughly and systematically 完整的系统的搜索 From inguinal canal to caudal pole of ipsilateral kidne