3.1 医学微生物学Bacterial nutrition and reproduction.pdfVIP

Bacterial nutrition and growth Do you know what bacteria eat? 1 、Nutrients needed by bacteria Water: nutrients must first dissolve in water, nutrient absorption and metabolism requires water to carry out. Nitrogen /naɪtrədʒ(ə)n/ source: derived from amino acids, proteins, etc., used to synthesize bacterial components. Carbon source: derived from sugar, providing energy. Inorganic salts: potassium /pətæ sɪəm/ , sodium, calcium /kæ lsɪəm/ , magnesium, phosphorus/fɑsfərəs/ , sulfur, and so on . Growth factor : a substance that is required for bacterial growth but cannot be synthesized by itself. Such as vitamins, amino acids and so on. 2 、Mechanism of bacterial intake of nutrients Passive diffusion: from low to high concentrations Active transfer system 1.ABC transport 2. Ion coupling transport 3. Group transfer 4. Specific transport 3 、Nutritional types of bacteria Autotrophic bacteria Bacteria that use inorganic or photosynthesis as energy Heterotrophic bacteria Heterotrophic bacteria use organic matter as a raw material to synthesize bacterial components. Most of the pathogens are heterotrophic bacteria. 4 、Environmental factors affecting bacterial growth (1) Nutrients (2) Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) The most suitable pH for most pathogens is 7.2~7.6 (3) Temperature Optimal 37°C for most pathogen growth 4. Gas (1) Obligate aerobic bacteria: such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2) Obligate anaerobic/,æ neərəʊbɪk/ bacteria: such as Clostridium tetani (3) Facultative anaerobic bacteria: most pathogens (4) Microaerobic bacteria: such as jejunum bending CO2 is also important for bacterial growth. The CO2 produced by most bacteria in the metabolic process can meet the needs. 5. Osmotic pressure The osmotic pressure of the medium is generally suitable for