读书报告4土壤碳固定对全球气候变化和粮食安全的影响.pptx

读书报告4土壤碳固定对全球气候变化和粮食安全的影响.pptx

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Soil Carbon Sequestration Impacts on Global Climate Change and Food Security;2.Soil Carbon Sequestration;The global soil carbon (C) pool of 2500 gigatons (Gt) includes about 1550 Gt of soil organic carbon (SOC) and 950 Gt of soil inorganic carbon (SIC). ;;;Severe depletion of the SOC pool degrades soil quality, reduces biomass productivity, and adversely impacts water quality, and the depletion may be exacerbated by projected global warming.;The estimates of historic SOC loss range widely, from 44 to 537 Gt, with a common range of 55 to 78 Gt (3). 以往的土壤有机碳的损失量的估算值变化范围广大约从440到5370亿吨,而共识的损失量是550到780亿吨。;2.Soil Carbon Sequestration;The SOC sequestration is caused by those management systems that add high amounts of biomass to the soil, cause minimal soil disturbance, conserve soil and water, improve soil structure, enhance activity and species diversity of soil fauna, and strengthen mechanisms of elemental cycling (Fig. 2, table S2).;Fig. 2.;Common RMPs that lead to SOC sequestration are mulch farming, conservation tillage, agroforestry and diverse cropping systems, cover crops (Fig. 3), and integrated nutrient management, including the use of manure, compost, biosolids, improved grazing, and forest management.;Fig. 3. Important recommended management practices are no-till farming, cover crops, manuring and agroforestry. (A: Long-term no-till plots B: Agroforestry);The rate of SIC sequestration as secondary carbonates is low (5 to 150 kg C/ha per year) and is accentuated by biogenic processes and leaching of carbonates into the groundwater (11, 12), especially in soils irrigated with water containing low carbonates.;3.Soil Carbon Sequestration for Mitigating Climate Change 土壤碳固定对气候变化的缓解;(1).Agricultural chemicals 农化用品;However, inputs are needed not for soil C sequestration per se, but for increasing food production and ensuring sustainable use of soil and water resources.;(2).Nutrients required 养分需求;(2).Nutrients required;(3).Soil erosion and deposition

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