美国矿区土地复垦dl.pptx

美国矿区土地复垦;工矿区土地复垦概念;国内外土地复垦;;;;Mining and reclamation slide show presentation ---------------------------------------------------------------------- We have selected 10 photos that show mining and reclamation across the country. This updated presentation illustrates several steps in the mining and reclamation process. Chuck Meyers, Office of Surface Mining.;This large Texas mine is extracting lignite coal. The dragline at the far end of the pit is removing the overburden to expose the coal. The overburden is cast across the pit to the right side of the photo where reclamation will begin.;The overburden that is removed to expose the coal seam is a mixture of broken rock. If left exposed, rain water will erode the fine particles and cause sedimentation of streams and rivers. Reclamation begins by regrading the overburden to the approximate original contour of the land before mining.;The coal has been removed from the flat foreground area at this Eastern Kentucky surface mine. This is a contour mine that follows the seam of coal around the hillside. The Surface Mining Law requires mine operators to reclaim the mine site and completely cover the highwall.;Reclamation at this mine is well underway. Overburden has been graded to completely cover the highwall and topsoil has been spread on the surface. This reclamation follows closely behind the mining operation and is completed in sections as the mining progresses around the hillside.;Hydro-seeding;The land owner at this reclaimed mine site has planted an apple orchard. Mining operations are only a temporary use of the land. When properly reclaimed mine sites are suitable for all the uses they were before mining occurred. ;This scene, typical of the Southern Indiana country side was recently an active mine site. Immediately after mining, the land was returned to active farming and today it is difficult to distinguish from the surrounding unmined areas.;This mine opening, or entry portal, in Eastern Pennsylvania was aband