眼科护理知识点.pptxVIP

BEA Confidential. | 眼部的基本结构BEA Confidential. | 眼球壁眼内容物眼部的基本结构眼球壁 中膜BEA Confidential. | 角膜：无色，透明，透光作用外膜 巩膜：白色，坚固，保护眼球 虹膜：有色素，中央形成瞳孔 睫状体：调节晶状体 脉络膜：营养眼球内膜--视网膜：感受光的刺激眼部的基本结构眼内容物BEA Confidential. | 房水 ：透明，透过光线 晶状体：透明，有弹性，折射光线 玻璃体：透明胶状物质 Use this box to highlight callout text which is not included in your bullet copyBEA Confidential. | Use this box to highlight callout text which is not included in your bullet copyBEA Confidential. | Use this box to highlight callout text which is not included in your bullet copyBEA Confidential. | Use this box to highlight callout text which is not included in your bullet copyBEA Confidential. | 房水循环途径回到血液循环汇入巩膜表面睫状前静脉→BEA Confidential. | 睫状体产生 ↓进入后房 ↓越过瞳孔到达前房 ↓小梁网进入Schlemn管 ↓集液管到房水静脉Use this box to highlight callout text which is not included in your bullet copyBEA Confidential. | Use this box to highlight callout text which is not included in your bullet copyBEA Confidential. | BEA Confidential. | 青光眼青光眼BEA Confidential. | 病理性眼球内压力升高导致特征性视神经损害和视野缺损的一组眼病或临床症候群。BEA Confidential. | 高眼压症正常眼压范围BEA Confidential. | 眼压虽高出正常值，却不发生视神经及视野损害，称为高眼压症。视盘损害示意图BEA Confidential. | 青光眼分类BEA Confidential. | 原发性开角型青光眼（1）原发性青光眼 原发性闭角型青光眼（2）继发性青光眼（3）发育性青光眼 BEA Confidential. | 青光眼病因BEA Confidential. | 1.眼球解剖结构的异常—主要原因 eg：前房浅、眼轴短、晶体厚、角膜小2.促发机制 eg：情绪波动、过度疲劳、用眼过度、暗室环境等。临床表现BEA Confidential. | 急性闭角型青光眼慢性闭角型青光眼临床表现急性闭角型青光眼BEA Confidential. | 临床前期发作期：典型大发作 不典型发作间歇缓解期慢性进展期临床表现急性闭角型青光眼BEA Confidential. | 眼压急剧上升剧烈眼痛、头痛，甚至恶心、呕吐视力严重减退，可仅存光感眼球硬如石，眼压在50mmHg虹视主要辅助检查BEA Confidential. | 眼压眼底检查视野检查眼部B超UBMBEA Confidential. | BEA Confidential. | BEA Confidential. | 治疗方法BEA Confidential. | 药物治疗手术治疗治疗方法药物治疗BEA Confidential. | 增加房水流出--毛果芸香碱抑制房水生成--β受体阻滞剂 碳酸酐酶抑制剂 α2受体兴奋剂减少眼内容物--高渗药物?治疗方法手术治疗BEA Confidential. | 解除瞳孔阻滞--周边虹膜切除术解除小梁网阻塞--小梁切开术建立房水外引流通道(滤过性手术) --小梁切除术 --房水引流装置植入术减少房水生成--睫状体光凝术激光虹膜周切术BEA Confidential. | 小梁切除术BEA Confidential. | 小梁切除术BEA Confidential. | 用药禁忌BEA Confidential. | 致房水增多的药物 --硝酸酯类致房水回流